Mr. D. Melegos - SNC1D1
Welcome to the Grade 9 Science (Academic Level) website. This course enables students to develop their understanding of basic concepts in biology, chemistry, earth and space science, and physics, and to relate science to technology, society, and the environment. Throughout the course, students will develop their skills in the processes of scientific investigation. Students will acquire an understanding of scientific theories and conduct investigations related to sustainable ecosystems; atomic and molecular structures and the properties of elements and compounds; the study of the universe and its properties and components; and the principles of electricity.
Prerequisite: None
For the course outline please click here
PAT [Cover page and the 4 corresponding activities of the summative performance assessment task]
Sustainable ecosystems
Biotic and Abiotic factors
Biotic characteristics (symbiosis, predation, competition with examples)
Abiotic characteristics (water, oxygen, light, nutrients)
Earth’s spheres (atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere)
Nutrient cycles (water, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus)
Eutrophication (definition, and the 6 steps involved in its formation)
Social policies
Photosynthesis (word and chemical equation, and importance)
Chlorophyll
Sources of Oxygen
Trophic levels, biomass, trophic efficiency
Bioaccumulation and biomagnification (DDT and PCBs)
Cellular respiration and fermentation
Greenhouse effect and gases
Reducing CO2 in the atmosphere (action and policies)
Methane gas from landfills (production and use)
Acid rain formation
pH scale
Effects of acid rain (3 effects)
Reducing acid rain (2 ways)
Population vs community
Exponential growth, limiting factors, and carrying capacity
Human activities and carrying capacity (eg Redside Dace)
Intensification
Ecological niche with examples
Plant adaptation in bogs
Bottom-up vs top-down population regulation with examples
Competition and niche (eg Stickleback)
Mutualism (coral reef), parasitism (brainworm and deer)
Human niches and population
Ecosystem forest services
Insect services (pollination, decomposition)
Migratory birds
Ecotourism and ecosystem spirituality
Methods of measuring biodiversity
Documenting biodiversity
Biodiversity hotspots in Canada and in the tropics
Dominant vs Keystone species with examples
Captive breeding
Ecosystem engineers and succession
Biodiversity and ecosystem variability (ecotones)
Habitat loss (natural sources and human activities)
Deforestation in Canada and in the tropics
Wetlands and their importance
Characteristics of Alien species
Invasive species (zebra mussels)
Disappearance of species with examples
Connectivity across ecosystems
Mass and background species extinction
At risk species and their categories (eg extirpated)
Restoration methods (reforestation, wetland restoration biocontrol, chemical, bioremediation, bioaugmentation)
The future of restoration ecology
WHIMIS symbols
Laboratory apparatus
Classification of matter with examples
The particle theory of matter
Qualitative physical properties and quantitative physical properties
States of matter and their processes
Solubility, solvent, and solute
Density problems
Chemical properties (reactivity, combustibility, stability and toxicity)
Gas testing for hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide
Counting atoms
Diatomic molecules
Atomic theories, discharge tube and gold foil experiment (Dalton, Thompson, Rutherford, Bohr)
Subatomic particles (proton, neutron, electron)
Standard atomic notation
Bohr-Rutherford diagrams
Isotopes and examples
Periodic table (classes, groups, periods)
Valence electrons and reactivity
Ions (cations and anions) and examples
Ionic compounds and Bohr-Rutherford diagrams
Covalent/molecular compounds and Bohr-Rutherford diagrams
Properties of ionic and covalent compounds
Static electricity (law of electrostatics)
Charging (friction, contact, induction)
Discharging (grounding)
Electrostatic series
Electroscopes (pith ball, metal leaf)
Insulators and conductors
Applications of static electricity
Current electricity (AC, DC)
Electric circuit parts (energy source, load, switch, conducting wires)
Drawing electric circuits
Series vs. parallel circuits
Batteries (primary cell, secondary cell)
Voltaic cells
Potential difference
Current
Resistance
Power
Measuring electrical energy (KW∙h)
Percent efficiency
Circuit breakers, and fuses
Renewable and non-renewable energies (examples, advantages, disadvantages)
Constellations and Asterisms (definitions and examples)
Light year and Astronomical unit (AU)
Apparent magnitude versus absolute magnitude
Polaris and pointer stars
Earth motions and seasons
Lunar and Solar eclipses
Tides
Solar system (planet characteristics)
Comets, Asteroids, Trans-Neptunian objects (dwarf planet eg Pluto)
Meteoroids, Meteors (“shooting stars”), Meteorites
Instruments used for space exploration (telescopes, planetary orbiters/landers, satellites)
Electromagnetic radiation
Star formation and evolution (H-R diagram)
Sun (features like sun spots, solar flares, and effects like auroras)
Nuclear fusion
Colour and temperature of stars
Composition of stars and spectroscopy
White dwarf, neutron star, black hole
Nebulas and supernovas
Galaxy types
Space exploration (cost and ethical considerations)
Extra help is available to students. Extra help can be arranged with Mr. Melegos at a mutually agreeable time. Students are strongly encouraged to take advantage of the extra help available, and to clarify any misconceptions about the course content early in the semester.
Career Cruising
Eye On Dunbarton
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