Mr. D. Melegos - SNC1D1 Print

Course Description

Welcome to the Grade 9 Science (Academic Level) website. This course enables students to develop their understanding of basic concepts in biology, chemistry, earth and space science, and physics, and to relate science to technology, society, and the environment. Throughout the course, students will develop their skills in the processes of scientific investigation. Students will acquire an understanding of scientific theories and conduct investigations related to sustainable ecosystems; atomic and molecular structures and the properties of elements and compounds; the study of the universe and its properties and components; and the principles of electricity.

Prerequisite: None

For the course outline please click here 

Handouts

Sustainability [Slides about nutrient cycles and eutrophication]

The Biosphere and Energy [Slides about photosynthesis and biomagnification]

Extracting Energy from Biomass [Slides about cellular respiration and acid rain]

Photosynthesis Lab  [Lab report guidelines and marking scheme]

Measuring Biodiversity [Slides about biodiversity and methods to measure it]

Communities [Slides about communities, species relationships, and succession

 Threats to Biodiversity [Slides about habitat loss, alien species, and extinction]

 Restoration Ecology [Slides about restoration methods and its future]

 Developing Models of the Atomic Structure  [Slides about the history of the Atomic Theory]

 Applications of Static Electricity   [Slides about some of the applications with the field of Electrostatics]

  Characteristics of Celestial Bodies   [Introductory astronomy slides] 

 PAT  [Cover page and the 4 corresponding activities of the summative performance assessment task]

Resourses

 The Periodic Table   [Handout resource of the Periodic Table of Elements]

Course Review

  • Sustainable ecosystems
  • Biotic and Abiotic factors
  • Biotic characteristics (symbiosis, predation, competition with examples)
  • Abiotic characteristics (water, oxygen, light, nutrients)
  • Earth’s spheres (atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere)
  • Nutrient cycles (water, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus)
  • Eutrophication (definition, and the 6 steps involved in its formation)
  • Social policies
  • Photosynthesis (word and chemical equation, and importance)
  • Chlorophyll
  • Sources of Oxygen
  • Trophic levels, biomass, trophic efficiency
  • Bioaccumulation and biomagnification (DDT and PCBs)
  • Cellular respiration and fermentation
  • Greenhouse effect and gases
  • Reducing CO2 in the atmosphere (action and policies)
  • Methane gas from landfills (production and use)
  • Acid rain formation
  • pH scale
  • Effects of acid rain (3 effects)
  • Reducing acid rain (2 ways)
  • Population vs community
  • Exponential growth, limiting factors, and carrying capacity
  • Human activities and carrying capacity (eg Redside Dace)
  • Intensification
  • Ecological niche with examples
  • Plant adaptation in bogs
  • Bottom-up vs top-down population regulation with examples
  • Competition and niche (eg Stickleback)
  • Mutualism (coral reef), parasitism (brainworm and deer)
  • Human niches and population
  • Ecosystem forest services
  • Insect services (pollination, decomposition)
  • Migratory birds
  • Ecotourism and ecosystem spirituality
  • Methods of measuring biodiversity
  • Documenting biodiversity
  • Biodiversity hotspots in Canada and in the tropics
  • Dominant vs Keystone species with examples
  • Captive breeding
  • Ecosystem engineers and succession
  • Biodiversity and ecosystem variability (ecotones)
  • Habitat loss (natural sources and human activities)
  • Deforestation in Canada and in the tropics
  • Wetlands and their importance
  • Characteristics of Alien species
  • Invasive species (zebra mussels)
  • Disappearance of species with examples
  • Connectivity across ecosystems
  • Mass and background species extinction
  • At risk species and their categories (eg extirpated)
  • Restoration methods (reforestation, wetland restoration biocontrol, chemical, bioremediation, bioaugmentation)
  • The future of restoration ecology

    • WHIMIS symbols
    • Laboratory apparatus
    • Classification of matter with examples
    • The particle theory of matter
    • Qualitative physical properties and quantitative physical properties
    • States of matter and their processes
    • Solubility, solvent, and solute
    • Density problems
    • Chemical properties (reactivity, combustibility, stability and toxicity)
    • Gas testing for hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide
    • Counting atoms
    • Diatomic molecules
    • Atomic theories, discharge tube and gold foil experiment (Dalton, Thompson, Rutherford, Bohr)
    • Subatomic particles (proton, neutron, electron)
    • Standard atomic notation
    • Bohr-Rutherford diagrams
    • Isotopes and examples
    • Periodic table (classes, groups, periods)
    • Valence electrons and reactivity
    • Ions (cations and anions) and examples
    • Ionic compounds and Bohr-Rutherford diagrams
    • Covalent/molecular compounds and Bohr-Rutherford diagrams
    • Properties of ionic and covalent compounds

      • Static electricity (law of electrostatics)
      • Charging (friction, contact, induction)
      • Discharging (grounding)
      • Electrostatic series
      • Electroscopes (pith ball, metal leaf)
      • Insulators and conductors
      • Applications of static electricity
      • Current electricity (AC, DC)
      • Electric circuit parts (energy source, load, switch, conducting wires)
      • Drawing electric circuits
      • Series vs. parallel circuits
      • Batteries (primary cell, secondary cell)
      • Voltaic cells
      • Potential difference
      • Current
      • Resistance
      • Power
      • Measuring electrical energy (KW∙h)
      • Percent efficiency
      • Circuit breakers, and fuses
      • Renewable and non-renewable energies (examples, advantages, disadvantages)

      • Constellations and Asterisms (definitions and examples)
      • Light year and Astronomical unit (AU)
      • Apparent magnitude versus absolute magnitude
      • Polaris and pointer stars
      • Earth motions and seasons
      • Lunar and Solar eclipses
      • Tides
      • Solar system (planet characteristics)
      • Comets, Asteroids, Trans-Neptunian objects (dwarf planet eg Pluto)
      • Meteoroids, Meteors (“shooting stars”), Meteorites
      • Instruments used for space exploration (telescopes, planetary orbiters/landers, satellites)
      • Electromagnetic radiation
      • Star formation and evolution (H-R diagram)
      • Sun (features like sun spots, solar flares, and effects like auroras)
      • Nuclear fusion
      • Colour and temperature of stars
      • Composition of stars and spectroscopy
      • White dwarf, neutron star, black hole
      • Nebulas and supernovas
      • Galaxy types
      • Space exploration (cost and ethical considerations)

      Extra Help

      Extra help is available to students. Extra help can be arranged with Mr. Melegos at a mutually agreeable time. Students are strongly encouraged to take advantage of the extra help available, and to clarify any misconceptions about the course content early in the semester.

       

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